ቂዱሺን — ታልሙድ የሩሻልሚ

ቂዱሺን

ቂዱሺን — ታልሙድ የሩሻልሚ በBeth HaMidrash ላይ፦ የዕብራይስጥ ጽሑፍና የአማርኛ ትርጉሙ፣ ከራሺና ከታላላቆቹ ተንታኞች ጋር። ነጻ፣ በመስመር ላይ።

משנה: הָאִשָּׁה נִיקְנֵית בְּשָׁלֹשׁ דְּרָכִים וְקוֹנָה אֶת עַצְמָהּ בִּשְׁתֵּי דְרָכִים. נִקְנֵית בְּכֶסֶף בִּשְׁטָר וּבְבִיאָה. בְּכֶסֶף בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים בְּדֵינָר וּבְשָׁוֶה דֵינָר וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים בִּפְרוּטָה וּבְשָׁוֶה פְרוּטָה. וְכַמָּה הִיא פְרוּטָה אַחַת בִּשְׁמוֹנֶה בְּאִסָּר הָאִיטַלְקִי. וְקוֹנָה אֶת עַצְמָהּ בְּגֵט וּבְמִיתַת הַבַּעַל. הַיְבָמָה נִקְנֵית בְּבִיאָה וְקוֹנָה אֶת עַצְמָהּ בַּחֲלִיצָה וּבְמִיתַת הַיָּבָם.MISHNAH: A wife may be acquired in three ways; she regains her autonomy in two ways. She is acquired by money, or by a document, or by intercourse.rabba45(5), 51(11); Pesiqta rabbati 42, p. 177].. By money, the House of Shammai say, by a denar or a denar’s value; but the House of Hillel say, by a peruṭa or a peruṭa’s value. How much is a peruṭa was a small Hasmonean copper coin which disappeared with the end of the Jewish commonwealth, more than 100 years before the compilation of the Mishnah. Therefore, its value has to be defined in terms of Roman coins.? One eighth of an Italic assarius is the old name of the Roman as. In rabbinic practice, a peruṭa is defined as half a grain (/960 of a troy oz. or 0.0324 g) of sterling silver.. She regains her autonomy by a bill of divorce or by the husband’s death. A sister-in-law. is acquired by intercourse; she regains her autonomy by ḥaliṣah or by the brother-in-law’s death.

הלכה: הָאִשָּׁה נִיקְנֵית בְּשָׁלֹשׁ דְּרָכִים כול׳. כֵּינִי מַתְנִיתָא. אוֹ בְּכֶסֶף אוֹ בִּשְׁטָר אוֹ בְּבִיאָה. וְתַנֵּי רִבִּי חִיָיה כֵן. לֹא סוֹף דָּבָר בִּשְׁלָשְׁתָּן אֶלָּא אֲפִילוּ בְאֶחָד מֵהֶן.HALAKHAH: “A wife may be acquired in three ways,” etc. So is the Mishnah: Either by money, or by document, or by intercourse. Rebbi Ḥiyya stated as follows: Not only by all three together, but even by any one of them.

בְּכֶסֶף מְנַיִין. כִּי יִקַּח. מַגִּיד שֶׁנִּקְנֵית בְּכֶסֶף. בְּבִיאָה מְנַיִין. וּבְעָלָהּ. מַגִּיד שֶׁנִּקְנֵית בְּבִיאָה. הָיִיתִי אוֹמֵר. עַל יְדֵי זוֹ וְעַל יְדֵי זוֹ. כֶּסֶף בְּלֹא בִיאָה בִּיאָה בְלֹא כֶסֶף מְנַיִין. רִבִּי אַבָּהוּ בְשֶׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. כְּתִיב. כִּי יִמָּצֵא אִישׁ שׁוֹכֵב עִם אִשָּׁה בְעוּלַת בַּעַל. הַגַּע עַצְמָךְ. אֲפִילוּ לֹא קְנָיָיהּ אֶלָּא בְבִיאָה אָמְרָה תוֹרָה. הַבָּא אַחֲרָיו בְּחֶנֶק. לֹא סוֹף דָּבָר בִּכְדַרְכָּהּ אֶלָּא אֲפִילוּ שֶׁלֹּא כְדַרְכָּהּ. רִבִּי אַבָּהוּ בְשֶׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. לֹא צְרִיכָא שֶׁלֹּא מִכְּדַרְכָּהּ. אִין תֵּימַר מִכְּדַרְכָּהּ. לָמָּה לִי בְעָלָהּ. אֲפִילוּ אַחֵר. כַּיי דְתַנִּינָן תַּמָּן. בָּאוּ עָלֶיהָ שְׁנַיִם. הָרִאשׁוֹן בִּסְקִילָה וְהַשֵּׁינִי בְּחֶנֶק.By money, from where? “After he acquires,” this tells you that she is acquired by money.. 23:13 that לקח in biblical Hebrew may mean “to accept a deal involving money”. By the talmudic doctrine of invariability of lexemes in biblical language, the same meaning must apply in all cases. By marital relations, from where? “And has marital relations with her,” this tells you that she is acquired by intercourse. 24:1: “After a man takes a wife and has marital relations with her” is the preamble to the rules of divorce. The verse is read to mean: “After a man buys and/or has marital relations with a woman, if he desires to terminate the relationship he is required to follow the rules of divorce.” Since there is no divorce without a preceding marriage, it follows that acquiring a wife by money and/or intercourse establishes marriage by biblical standards.. I would say, by both together. Money without intercourse and intercourse without money, from where? 3:6 (Notes 88–92). The man who sleeps with a virgin preliminarily married to another man is stoned; one who sleeps with a married woman who is not a virgin is strangled. Since the verse mentions only intercourse, it is deduced that even if no money was given, the girl is legally bound to her husband and the seducer or rapist is executed for adultery. Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan, it is written: “If a man is found lying with a woman having had intercourse with her husband.” Think of it, even if he did only acquire her by intercourse, the one coming after him is [executed] by strangulation. Not only regular intercourse but even perverse. Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan, it is necessary to mention perverse intercourse for if it were regular, why mention her husband? As we have stated there 7:15.: “If she was raped by two men, the first is stoned, the second strangled.”

הָא לָמַדְנוּ בִּיאָה בְלֹא כֶסֶף. כֶֶּסֶף בְּלֹא בִיאָה מְנַיִין. וְיָצְאָה חִנָּם אֵין כָּסֶף. אִם אֲחֶרֶת יִקַּח לוֹ. מַה זוֹ בְּכֶסֶף אַף זוֹ בְּכֶסֶף.So we learned intercourse without money. Money without intercourse, from where? “She shall go free, without money.” “If he did acquire another one.”. 21:11,10, speaking of the “Hebrew slave girl”, the underage girl sold by her father with the understanding that the buyer may use the amount he paid for the girl as bride-money in case he wants to marry her or give her to his son. This certainly is marriage by money. V. 11 notes that if she is not married either within 6 years or by the time she reaches adulthood, she goes free; the money given for her was to buy her working power. V. 10 states that once she is married, she cannot be treated differently from any other wife. It is inferred that as a matter of principle her acquisition cannot be different from that of any other wife. Since one was by money, so the other is by money.Simeon bar Ioḥai (p. 167) the argument is inverted: Since in general a woman may be acquired by a document, so Hebrew slave girls may be acquired by a document..

בִּשְׁטָר. וְכָתַב לוֹ סֵפֶר כְּרִיתוּת וְנָתַן בְּיָדָהּ וְשִׁילְּחָהּ מִבֵּיתוֹ וְיָצְאָה מִבֵּיתוֹ וְהָלְכָה וְהָיְתָה לְאִישׁ אַחֵר. מַקִּישׁ הֲוַיָיתָהּ לִיצִיאָתָהּ. מַה יְצִיאָתָהּ בִּשְׁטָר אַף הֲוִיָיתָהּ בִּשְׁטָר.By a document? “He shall write her a bill of divorce, hand it to her, and send her out of his house. If she left his house and went to be another man’s.. 24:1.” It brackets her being with her leaving 15b, Sukkah25a, Ketubot 47a, Giṭṭin 21b; Sifry Deut. 269, end.. Since her leaving was by a document, so her being is by a document.

Jerusalem Talmud Kiddushin.1.1